Changes between Version 3 and Version 4 of linux/rsync

Timestamp:

2017/12/03 14:04:38 (8 years ago)

Author:

yuna

Comment:

--

linux/rsync

@@ -2 +2 @@
 
 {{{
-$ rsync -PSavz --delete -e "ssh -i ~/.ssh/mirror_data"  ~/data mirror@remote:.
+$ rsync -PSavz --delete -bwlimit=500 -e "ssh -i ~/.ssh/mirror_data"  mirror@remote:.
 }}}
 
@@ -13 +13 @@
 * z: 圧縮
 * delete: srcからファイルが削除された場合、同期先のファイルも削除する
+
+== セキュリティの強化 ==
+rsyncの実行のみリモートユーザに許可して、セキュリティを強化することができる。
+
+=== 鍵作成 ===
+{{{
+[root@desthost ~]# ssh-keygen -f rsynckey -t rsa -b 4096 -C "youname@hoge.com"
+Generating public/private rsa key pair.
+Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
+Enter same passphrase again:
+Your identification has been saved in rsynckey.
+Your public key has been saved in rsynckey.pub.
+The key fingerprint is:
+SHA256:UEcdnGoXW4E6jyjBkm71U1bbyx2mVj1T6q4tCkal7eo youname@hoge.com
+The key's randomart image is:
++---[RSA 4096]----+
+|        ..oo.+.. |
+|       . .  B . .|
+|     o.   .+ * .o|
+|    o +. +B + o*.|
+|   . o oS=.= o+o+|
+|    o ..+.. .o+ .|
+|   .   .o.. ..   |
+|       . o  ...  |
+|       .E ...o.  |
++----[SHA256]-----+
+[root@desthost ~]# ls
+anaconda-ks.cfg  rsynckey  rsynckey.pub
+}}}
+
+== バックアップ元に鍵を配置
+
+SSHでログインできるようにする。
+{{{
+[root@srchost ~]# adduser rsync-user
+[root@srchost ~]# cd /home/rsync-user/
+[root@srchost rsync-user]# mkdir .ssh
+[root@srchost rsync-user]# chmod 700 .ssh/
+[root@srchost rsync-user]# mv /root/rsynckey.pub .ssh/authorized_keys
+[root@srchost rsync-user]# chown rsync-user.rsync-user -R .ssh/
+[root@srchost rsync-user]# restorecon -R .ssh/
+}}}
+
+== バックアップ先
+
+鍵認証でログインできるか確認確認
+
+{{{
+[root@desthost ~]# ssh -i rsynckey rsync-user@192.168.1.155
+[rsync-user@srchost ~]$
+}}}
+
+== 鍵認証でrsyncが動作するか確認
+{{{
+[root@desthost ~]# sync -vvv -PSavz --delete --bwlimit=500 -e "ssh -i /root/rsynckey"  rsync-user@srchost:/var/www/html/mariadb /var/www/html
+opening connection using: ssh -i rsynckey -l rsync-user srchost rsync --server --sender -vvvlogDtprSze.iLsf --bwlimit=500 . /var/www/html/mariadb
+receiving incremental file list
+server_sender starting pid=1439
+[sender] make_file(mariadb,*,0)
+recv_file_name(mariadb)
+received 1 names
+...
+generate_files finished
+
+sent 92 bytes  received 6075 bytes  12334.00 bytes/sec
+total size is 206849027  speedup is 33541.27
+[generator] _exit_cleanup(code=0, file=main.c, line=1518): about to call exit(0)
+
+}}}
+
+== rsyncのみの実行に絞る絞る
+セキュリティの観点では、sshで全ての実行を可能とするのはよろしくない。sshの接続にのみ絞るには、上記rsyncを実行した結果を利用する。
+
+opening connection using: ssh -i rsynckey -l rsync-user srchost **rsync --server --sender -vvvlogDtprSze.iLsf --bwlimit=500 . /var/www/html/mariadb**
+
+== エラー処理について
+エラー発生時のエラーコード(echo $?)の値は、下記の通り。
+
+* 転送中ののネットワーク切断: 12
+* サーバ側rsyncプロセスのクラッシュ: 22
+* sshが繋がらない: 255 
+
+=== ネットワーク切断
+{{{
+[root@desthost ~]# rsync --timeout 60 -vv -PSavz --delete --bwlimit=500 -e "ssh -i rsynckey"  rsync-user@srchost:/var/www/html/mariadb /var/www/html
+....
+
+[receiver] io timeout after 60 seconds -- exiting
+set uid of mariadb/rpms/.MariaDB-10.1.29-centos7-x86_64-backup.rpm.NPdON0 from 0 to 48
+set gid of mariadb/rpms/.MariaDB-10.1.29-centos7-x86_64-backup.rpm.NPdON0 from 0 to 48
+renaming mariadb/rpms/.MariaDB-10.1.29-centos7-x86_64-backup.rpm.NPdON0 to mariadb/rpms/MariaDB-10.1.29-centos7-x86_64-backup.rpm
+rsync error: timeout in data send/receive (code 30) at io.c(140) [receiver=3.0.9]
+[receiver] _exit_cleanup(code=30, file=io.c, line=140): about to call exit(30)
+rsync: connection unexpectedly closed (82 bytes received so far) [generator]
+rsync error: error in rsync protocol data stream (code 12) at io.c(605) [generator=3.0.9]
+[generator] _exit_cleanup(code=12, file=io.c, line=605): about to call exit(12)
+[root@localhost ~]# echo $?
+12
+}}}
+
+=== ssh不通
+{{{
+[root@localhost ~]# rsync --timeout 60 -vv -PSavz --delete --bwlimit=500 -e "ssh -i rsynckey"  rsync-user@srchost:/var/www/html/mariadb /var/www/html
+opening connection using: ssh -i rsynckey -l rsync-user srchost rsync --server --sender -vvvlogDtprSze.iLsf --timeout=60 --bwlimit=500 . /var/www/html/mariadb
+ssh: connect to host srchost port 22: No route to host
+rsync: connection unexpectedly closed (0 bytes received so far) [Receiver]
+rsync error: unexplained error (code 255) at io.c(605) [Receiver=3.0.9]
+[Receiver] _exit_cleanup(code=12, file=io.c, line=605): about to call exit(255)
+[root@localhost ~]# echo $?
+255
+}}}
+
+=== rsyncプロセスの死亡
+{{{
+rsync: connection unexpectedly closed (9162874 bytes received so far) [receiver]
+set uid of mariadb/rpms/.MariaDB-10.1.29-centos7-x86_64-backup.rpm.ipt9fC from 0 to 48
+set gid of mariadb/rpms/.MariaDB-10.1.29-centos7-x86_64-backup.rpm.ipt9fC from 0 to 48
+renaming mariadb/rpms/.MariaDB-10.1.29-centos7-x86_64-backup.rpm.ipt9fC to mariadb/rpms/MariaDB-10.1.29-centos7-x86_64-backup.rpm
+rsync error: error in rsync protocol data stream (code 12) at io.c(605) [receiver=3.0.9]
+[receiver] _exit_cleanup(code=12, file=io.c, line=605): about to call exit(12)
+rsync: connection unexpectedly closed (82 bytes received so far) [generator]
+rsync error: received SIGINT, SIGTERM, or SIGHUP (code 20) at io.c(605) [generator=3.0.9]
+[generator] _exit_cleanup(code=12, file=io.c, line=605): about to call exit(20)
+[root@localhost ~]# echo $?
+20
+}}}